Simulations
Interactive, watermarked science demonstrations — pick one to adjust its parameters and run it.
Blackbody Glow (Colour Temperature)
ORBITHeat an object toward a chosen target temperature and watch it glow the colour a real blackbody emits — deep red to blue-white — while its radiated power rises steeply with temperature.
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Calorimetry / Thermal Mixing
FREEBring two masses at different temperatures and specific heats into contact — watch both temperatures converge exponentially to the exact energy-conserving equilibrium temperature.
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The Greenhouse Effect: Earth's Energy Balance
LAUNCHSee how greenhouse gases keep the Earth warm, using the energy that flows in and out. Sunlight arrives, some of it bounces straight back, and the rest warms the ground. The warm ground gives off infrared, and gases in the air absorb some of it and send part of it back down, so the ground ends up warmer than it would be without them. Arrows show each flow in watts per square metre, drawn to one scale, and a graph follows the surface temperature over 25 years. Set the carbon dioxide level (180 to 1,200 ppm), how much sunlight is reflected, whether the water vapour feedback is on, and whether the air starts as it was before industry or as it is today. For instance, with the starting settings the surface is 14.0 °C at 280 ppm, and without any greenhouse gases it would be about −18.6 °C. It is a simple model with one layer of air, so its numbers are a guide, not a forecast.
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Heating Curve: Changes of State
FREEPick a substance, a mass and a heater power, and watch it warm up, melt, boil and keep warming. The temperature graph goes flat while it changes state, because the heater's energy is breaking the bonds between particles rather than speeding them up. Add heat loss to the room to see how it stretches the flat parts or stops the warming.
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Done on the Bell
FREEThe server picks a substance, its mass, its starting temperature, how much heat it loses to the room and a timer, plus a target band for its temperature when the timer ends (always achievable), you set the heater power, and a real heating model judges the run. Landing the temperature in the band refunds your run.
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Ideal Gas (PV = nRT) Piston
INTERSTELLARLive interactive gas cylinder — set the amount of gas, then drag temperature and applied pressure and watch the piston respond in real time as PV=nRT holds exactly.
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Kinetic Theory of Gases
FREEFill a box with gas particles at a chosen temperature and count — watch them bounce elastically off the walls with speeds drawn from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and see average kinetic energy track temperature exactly.
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Molecular Speed Distribution
ORBITPick a real gas and sweep its temperature, and watch the curve of how many molecules move at each speed shift, broaden, and flatten — track the shaded fraction moving faster than a chosen speed threshold as the temperature climbs.
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Newton's Law of Cooling
FREEPlace an object at a chosen starting temperature into an ambient environment — watch it cool (or warm) exponentially toward the ambient temperature, and see the time constant control how fast it gets there.
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